Past Tense (Present Perfect)
The Present Perfect is
formed with the auxiliary verb "a avea" (to
have) and the past participle of
the verb.
Play: past tense
The auxiliary verb "a avea" (to have) has the following forms:
-
|
Eu am |
Noi am |
|
Tu ai |
Voi ați |
|
El / ea a |
Ei / ele au |
Present Perfect
Affirmative form
A lucra (to work)
-
|
Eu am lucrat (I
worked) |
Noi am lucrat (we
worked) |
|
Tu ai lucrat (you worked) |
Voi ați lucrat (you worked) |
|
El / ea a lucrat (he / she worked) |
Ei / ele au lucrat (they worked) |
Negative form
-
|
Eu nu
am lucrat = eu n-am lucrat
(I didn't work) |
Noi nu
am lucrat = noi n-am lucrat
(we didn't work) |
|
Tu nu
ai lucrat = tu n-ai lucrat
(you didn't work) |
Voi nu
ați lucrat = voi n-ați lucrat
(you didn't work) |
|
El / ea nu
a lucrat = el / ea n-a lucrat
(he / she didn't work) |
Ei / ele nu
au lucrat = ei / ele n-au lucrat
(they didn't work) |
The participle
The participle is formed by replacing
the infinitive ending with the participle ending. The participle
endings are different according to each group of verbs. Phonetic
mutations may also occur in the stem.
1st conjugation: the
participle ending is –at
A
dansa (to
dance) – dansat
A
învăța (to
learn) – învățat
A
lucra (to work) – lucrat
2nd conjugation: the
participle ending is ut
A
vrea (to want) – vrut
A
bea (to drink) – băut
A
vedea (to see) – văzut
A
avea (to have) avut
3rd conjugation: the
participle endings are ut, -s or -t
A
cere (to ask) cerut
A
crede (to believe) crezut
A
face (to do) făcut
A
merge (to go) – mers
A
scrie (to write) scris
A
trimite (to send) trimis
A
fierbe (to boil) fiert
A
rupe (to break)
rupt
4th conjugation: the
participle endings are it,
ât
A
dormi (to sleep) dormit
A
iubi (to love) iubit
A
veni (to come) venit
A
hotărî (to decide) hotărât
Examples:
1st conjugation
A
cumpăra: eu am
cumpărat, tu ai cumpărat, el / ea a cumpărat, noi
am cumpărat, voi ați cumpărat, ei / ele au cumpărat
A
dansa: eu am
dansat, tu ai dansat, el / ea a dansat, noi
am dansat, voi ați dansat, ei / ele au dansat
2nd conjugation
A
bea: eu am
băut, tu ai băut, el / ea a băut, noi am
băut, voi ați băut, ei / ele au băut
A
vedea: eu am
văzut, tu ai văzut, el / ea a văzut, noi am văzut , voi
ați văzut, ei / ele au văzut
3rd conjugation
A
face: eu am
făcut, tu ai făcut, el / ea a făcut, noi am făcut, voi ați
făcut, ei / ele au făcut.
A
cere: eu am
cerut, tu ai cerut, el / ea a cerut, noi am
cerut, voi ați cerut , ei / ele au cerut
4th conjugation
A
veni: eu am
venit, tu ai venit, el / ea a venit, noi am venit, voi ați venit, ei
/ ele au venit.
A
vorbi: eu am
vorbit, tu ai vorbit, el / ea a vorbit, noi am vorbit, voi ați
vorbit, ei / ele au vorbit.
Mona Moldoveanu Pologea, Ph.D. Linguist
ROLANG School Managing Director | 
